University of São Carlo Short Course 2017: Anaphora

Craige Roberts

 

Course Outline

I.          Anaphora and felicity presuppositions

 

Blurb

 

II.       Hallmarks of anaphora

 

Blurb

 

III.    Syntax and compositional semantics for anaphora

 

3.1  Syntactic binding theory and referential indices

3.2  Quantificational binding and scope in semantics

3.3  The semantics of co-indexation

 

Blurb

 

IV.    Donkey anaphora and dynamic interpretation

 

Blurb

 

V.   Referring and presupposing

 

Blurb

 

VI.    Contextual influences on NP interpretation

 

Blurb

 

Handouts

·         Lecture 1: September 20, 2017

·         Lecture 2: September 21, 2017

·         Lecture 3: September 22, 2017

·         Lecture 4: September 22, 2017

·         Conference talk: September 23, 2017

 

Readings

General:

Abbott, Barbara (2010) Reference. Oxford University Press.

Büring, Daniel (2005) Binding Theory. Cambridge University Press

for a brief, clear introduction to Binding Theory and its interpretation, read:

§1.1 – 1.3.1, pp.1-13

§2.1 – 2.3.2, pp.25-38

Chao, Wynn (1983) Pseudo-Anaphora.  Ms., University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Chung, Sandra, William A. Ladusaw & James McCloskey (1995) Sluicing and Logical Form.  Natural Language Semantics 3.3:239-282.

Clark, Herbert H. (1977) Bridging. In P.N. Johnson-Laird and P.C. Wason (Eds.) Thinking: Readings in Cognitive Science, Cambridge University Press, 411-420.

Elbourne, Paul D. (2005) Situations and Individuals. MIT Press.

Elbourne, Paul (2008) Demonstratives as individual concepts. Linguistics and Philosophy 31:409-466.

Elbourne, Paul (2013) Definite Descriptions. Oxford University Press.

Evans, Gareth (1977) Pronouns, quantifiers and relative clauses (I).  Canadian Journal of Philosophy  7:467-536.  Reprinted in Mark Platts (ed.), Reference, Truth and Reality:  Essays on the Philosophy of Language.  Routledge and Kegan Paul, 255-317.

Geach, Peter (1962) Reference and Generality: An examination of some medieval and modern theories. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Geach, P. T. (1967) Intentional identity. Journal of Philosophy 64:627-632.

Heim, Irene (1982) The Semantics of Definite and Indefinite Noun Phrases. Garland Publishing , NY, Outstanding Dissertations in Linguistics Series. Read Chapter 1.

Heim, Irene (1983)  On the projection problem for presuppositions.  In the Proceedings of WCCFL 2, Stanford, CA, 114-125.

Heim 1990***

Heim, Irene (1992) Presupposition projection and the semantics of attitude verbs. Journal of Semantics, 9:183-221.

Heim, Irene & Angelika Kratzer (1998) Semantics in Generative Grammar. Oxford: Blackwell.

Kadmon, Nirit (2001) Formal Pragmatics. Blackwell.

Kamp, Hans (1981) A Theory of Truth and Semantic Representation. In Jeroen Groenendijk, Theo M. V. Janssen and Martin Stokhof (eds.) Formal Methods in the Study of Language, Vol. I, Mathematische Centrum, Amsterdam.  Reprinted in Groenendijk, Janssen and Stokhof (eds.), 1984, Truth, Interpretation and Information, Foris, Dordrecht.

Kamp, Hans, & Uwe Reyle (1993). From discourse to logic: Introduction to model theoretic semantics of natural language, formal logic and discourse representation theory. Dordrecht: Kluwer.

Kaplan, David (1977) Demonstratives, draft #2. Ms., UCLA Philosophy Department. Revised and published as "Demonstratives: An essay on the semantics, logic, metaphysics, and epistemology of demonstratives and other indexicals," in Joseph Almog, John Perry, and Howard Wettstein (Eds.) Themes from Kaplan, Oxford University Press, 1989, pp.481-563.

King, Jeffrey C. (2001) Complex Demonstratives: A quantificational account. MIT Press.

Neale, Stephen (1990) Descriptions.  MIT Press (Bradford Books), Cambridge, MA.

Partee, Barbara H. (1984) Nominal and temporal anaphora. Linguistics and Philosophy 7:243-286.s

Partee, Barbara H. (1989) Binding implicit variables in quantified context. In Papers of the Chicago Linguistic Society 25:342-365.

Pollard, Carl & Ivan Sag (1992) Anaphors in English and the scope of binding theory. Linguistic Inquiry 23:261-303.

Pollard, Carl & Ivan Sag (1994) Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar. University of Chicago Press.

Reinhart, Tanya (1983) Coreference and bound anaphora: A restatement of the anaphora questions. Linguistics and Philosophy 6:47-88

Roberts, Craige (1989) Modal Subordination and Pronominal Anaphora in Discourse. Linguistics and Philosophy 12.6:683-721. Reprinted in Javier Gutierrez-Rexach (ed.) Semantics: Critical concepts in linguistics, Routledge, 2003.

Roberts, Craige (2002) Demonstratives as definites. In Kees van Deemter and Roger Kibble (eds.) Information Sharing: Reference and Presupposition in Language Generation and Interpretation, CSLI Press, pp.89-196.

Roberts, Craige (2003) Uniqueness in definite noun phrases. Linguistics and Philosophy 26:287-350.

Roberts, Craige (2005) Pronouns as definites. In M. Reimer & A. Bezuidenhout (eds.) Descriptions and Beyond. Oxford University Press, 503-543.

Roberts, Craige (in press) Contextual influences on reference. For B. Abbott & J. Gundel (eds.) Oxford Handbook on Reference. Oxford University Press.

Roberts, Craige (forthcoming) Modal subordination: It would eat you first!. Solicited for a handbook on semantics edited by Matthewson, Meier, Rullmann & Zimmermann.

Rodman, Robert (1976) Scope phenomena, 'movement transformation,' and relative clauses.  In B.H. Partee (ed.) Montague Grammar.  New York: Academic Press.

Ross, John R. (1967) Constraints on Variables in Syntax. Ph.D. Dissertation, MIT. Available on-line at http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/15166.

Russell, Bertrand (1905) On denoting. Mind, 66:479-93.

Szabolcsi, Anna (2000) The syntax of scope. In Mark Baltin & Chris Collins (eds.) Handbook of Contemporary Syntactic Theory. Oxford: Blackwell, pp.607-634. 

Tonhauser, Judith, David Beaver, Craige Roberts & Mandy Simons (2013) Towards a taxonomy of projective content. Language 89.1:66-109. Awarded Best Paper in Language in 2013 by the Linguistic Society of America.

 

Pro-drop in Brazilian Portuguese:

Cyrino, Sonia & Gabriela Matos (2016) Null objects and VP ellipsis in European and Brazilian Portuguese. In W. L. Wetzels, J. Costa & S. Menuzzi (eds.) The Handbook of Portuguese Linguistics. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, Chapter 16, doi: 10.1002/9781118791844.ch16.

Duarte, Inês & Maria Cristina Figueiredo Silva (2016) The null subject parameter and the structure of the sentence in European and Brazilian Portuguese. In W. L. Wetzels, J. Costa & S. Menuzzi (eds.) The Handbook of Portuguese Linguistics. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, Chapter 16, doi: 10.1002/9781118791844.ch13.

Schwenter, Scott A. (2006). Null Objects Across South America. In T. L. Face & C. L. Klee (Eds.), Selected proceedings of the 8th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium (pp. 23-36). Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press.

Schwenter, Scott A. (2014) Two kinds of differential object marking in Portuguese and Spanish. In Patricia Amaral & Ana Maria Carvalho (eds.) Portuguese-Spanish Interfaces: Diachrony synchrony and contact. John Benjamins.