CHEM 1250 - Sp22
CLASS NOTES and CORRECTIONS
Last Modified: Sunday, 09-Jan-2022 21:22:35 EST
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Class Notes:
- Chapter 1 - Introduction: Matter and Measurement
- For the 14th edition We will not be covering section 1.4 in chapter 1 but will
cover it when we do chapter 5. We'll also cover the "Units of Energy" subsection
at the end of section 1.5 when we cover chapter 5.
- Chapter 2 - Atoms, Molecules and Ions
- We are not covering section 2.9 (simple organic compounds) in lecture. You should
read it to get some idea of what organic compounds are (composed mostly of C and H,
with N, O, S, P and few other elements here and there). We will not be naming them
in any formal way. I have, and will, introduce you to organic compounds as we go
through other things (as I have already to ethyl alcohol, ethanol, dimethyl ether,
about how to write the formulas, etc.).
- Chapter 3 - Stoichiometry: Calculations With Chemical Formulas and Equations
- Chapter 4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution
- Chapter 5 - Thermochemistry
- For the 14th edition, I covered section 1.4 and the "Units of Energy"
subsection at the end of section 1.5 in the chapter 5 notes. You need
to go back to ch 1 and read those parts of ch 1 now. Homework for ch 1
covering these sections is listed in the Ch 5 homework for the 14th ed.
- For the 14th edition, we are not covering section 5.8 (Bond Enthalpies)
in chapter 5 until we get to ch 8.
- We are not covering the "Foods & Fuels" section in any of the editions.
- Chapter 6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms
- You can find a lot of information about atomic theory, quantum mechanics, orbitals, etc.
at the following site. Once there click on "General Chemistry" and then "The Hydrogen
Atomic Orbitals". I strongly suggest you go through this site. It will be quite
helpful.
- Chapter 7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements
- We will not be covering certain things in ch 7. Here's the list of what we
are not covering.
- Sections 7.7-7.8: We will not be covering these sections. I've actually
discussed some of what's in these sections as we've been going along.
You may want to read them. We've actually covered some of the reactions
discussed in these sections so it probably wouldn't hurt to at least
read through them, even just a review.
- Chapter 8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding
- For the 14th edition, we are covering section 5.8 (Bond Enthalpies)
in chapter 5 as part of the ch 8 material.
- Chapter 9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories
- We will not be covering certain things in ch 9. Here's the list of what we
are and are not covering.
- Section 9.7 - We will discuss what molecular orbitals are and bond order
based on how many bonds there are between two atoms (single bond: BO=1,
double bond: BO=2, triple bond: BO=3). We are not covering the majority
of this section such as the molecular orbital diagrams (you don't have
to know how to do these).
- Section 9.8 - The only thing from this section is the material about
paramagnetism and diamagnetism which I introduced in chapter 6
- You can find stuff for visualizing Lewis Structures, shapes, polarity, valence-bond theory, etc.
at the following web site. For LS, VSEPR theory, VB Theory and viewing molecules in 3D click on
"General Chemistry" at the top. To read something about sigma and pi bonds click on "Molecular Modeling".
- Chapter 10 - Gases
- Chapter 11 - Liquids (& Solids) - pp. 1-18
- Chapter 11 - Liquids (& Solids) - pp. 19-33
- Chapter 11 - Liquids (& Solids) - pp. 34-45
- If you are using the 10th or 11th editions the information we will
cover on solids is in chapter 11. If you are using these editions we are NOT doing
anything from chapter 12 (although much of the information is interesting).
- In the 12th through 14th editions there is still some information about solids
in chapter 11 but the bulk of the information on solids has been moved to chapter 12.
However, you won't be using ch 12 in these editions for the information on solids
(see Ch 12 section below). We will not be covering liquid crystals (section 11.7 in
the 12th - 14th edition). See Ch 12 stuff below for information and links for solids
structures (unit cells).
- Chapter 11/12 - Solids
- If you are using the 10th or 11th editions the information we will
cover on solids is in chapter 11. If you are using these editions we are NOT doing
anything from chapter 12.
- In the 12th - 14th editions the bulk of the information about solids is in chapter 12.
However, we will not use chapter 12 for this material. The material about solids
from ch 11 from the 11th edition is on Carmen. Go to "Modules", then "Lecture" and
then "Chapter 12: Solids and Mondern Materials".
- Chapter 13 - Solutions - pp. 1-29
- Chapter 13 - Solutions - pp. 30-68
- We will not be covering certain things in ch 13. Here's the list of what we are
and are not covering.
- Section 13.1 - We WILL cover The Effect of Intermolecular Forces (pp. 532-533
in the 13th ed., pp. 514-515 in the 12th ed., pp. 528-529 in the 11th ed.,
pp. 530-531 in the 10th ed.). Solid hydrates are covered at the end of section
13.1 in the 13th and 14th ed. For older editions, look at the closer look section
dealing with solid hydrates, solids with waters of hydration as part of the crystal
(p. 518 in 12th ed., p. 533 in the 11th ed., p. 534 in the 10th ed.) so you know
what they are.
We will not be covering the subsections dealing with Energy Changes and Solution
Formation, Spontaneity and Entropy and Solution Formation due to Chemical Reactions.
I will make some references to these things to help with things we'll be covering in
subsequent sections and come back to this if there's time when we're in ch 19.
- Section 13.2 - Covering ALL of this section.
- Section 13.3 - Covering ALL of this section.
- Section 13.4 - Not covering the part dealing with conversion of concentration units.
This is pp. 540-541 in the 14th ed., 547-548 in the 13th ed., 528-530 in the 12th ed.,
544-546 in the 11th ed. and 546-547 in the 10th ed.
- Section 13.5 - Covering essentially all of this section except the part dealing with
osmosis in living systems.
- Section 13.6 - Covering ALL of this section.
- Chapter 14 - Chemical Kinetics - pp. 1-47
- Chapter 14 - Chemical Kinetics - pp. 48-73
- Chapter 15 - Chemical Equilibrium - pp. 1-27
- Chapter 15 - Chemical Equilibrium - pp. 28-48
- Chapter 16 - Acid-Base Equilibria - pp. 1-34
- Chapter 16 - Acid-Base Equilibria - pp. 35-61
- We will not be covering certain things in ch 16. Here's the list of what we
are not covering.
- Section 16.6 - Will discuss polyprotic acids but NOT calculate pH
for polyprotic acids. This is just so you know what a polyprotic
acid is and how it behaves.
- Section 16.9 - We will not cover the part about determing how to find
the pH for an amphiprotic anion. We also will not look at a salt such
as NH4F in which both the cation and anion can hydrolyze
in water.
- Chapter 19 - Chemical Thermodynamics
- Review Chapter 5 (particularly the material about state functions,
system and surroundings, enthalpy, enthalpy of formation, calc. of
enthalpy of rxn from Hfo values, Hess's law).
I will not be doing pages 2-17 of the notes in class. They are a
short synopsis of the most important points from ch 5. I've included
them in the notes for you to look over and refresh your memory on
these things.
- Chapter 20 - Electrochemistry
- Review Chapter 4 (4.4 - Oxidation Numbers and Redox Rxns)
I will not be doing pages 2-8 of the notes in class. They are a
a review of oxidation-reduction things done in ch 4. I've included
them in the notes for you to look over and refresh your memory on
these things as you will need them.
- We will not be covering certain things in ch 20. Here's the list of what we
are not covering. We may not get through all of ch 20 and I will let
everyone know in lecture.
- Section 20.2 - Not covering this section, except look at
the discussion of what are half-reactions. This is on
page 852 of the 14th ed., 860 of the 13th ed., page 830 of the 12th ed.,
page 846 of the 11th ed. and page 850 of the 10th ed. An understanding
of what is a half-reaction is necessary when you talk about
half-cells. We will NOT be balancing the kinds of
redox reactions in this section.
- Section 20.7 - Batteries and fuel cells: Not covering this section,
except to discuss a hydrogen fuel cell. It's just a special type
of volatic cell. I will briefly go over a hydrogen fuel cell in class.
You aren't responsible for the rest of this section but some of
you may find it interesting.
- Section 20.9 - We will go over electrolysis and how an electrolytic
cell compares to a voltaic cell (the similarities and differences).
I do a couple of calculations which are similar to the ones you do for
molar mass in exp 23. You should be able to do those types of calc.